Why We Must All Have An Opinion on Everything Today

A friend reminded me of a great essay by the novelist and short story writer Richard Ford on the subject of our velocitous life, which ran a few years ago in the NY Times. It’s long, so I’m going to post it below the fold, but know that it’s very much worth reading. Here’s the crucial quote:

Put simply, the pace of life feels morally dangerous to me. And what I wish for is not to stop or even to slow it, but to be able to experience my lived days as valuable days. We all just want to keep our heads above the waves, find someplace to stand. If anything, that’s our human nature.

(Published: December 27, 1998
)

NEW ORLEANS – Worrisome things are happening to my sense of the now. Maybe many of us are feeling that way. And maybe it has to do with the end of our millennium fast approaching, and the profound implication that someone else’s millennium is beginning. But whatever the reason, now — by which I mean our experience of the present moment, that ever-passing, uncertain platform upon which we recognize ourselves to be alive, and appraise how life seems — that now feels under attack. Wittgenstein wrote that he who lives in the present lives in eternity. But I’m sure he didn’t have in mind a present (or an eternity) like this one.

Chiefly, what I’m talking about are the ways in which that series of present moments we describe collectively as our real lives is made insignificant, made ignoble or forgettable, made hellish or made in essence non-existent by all sorts of forces outside our brains, yet forces whose existence we may have complicity with.

Just think about some easy trivial examples: those ubiquitous television sets in airport waiting areas broadcasting programs (usually stock market reports) we don’t want to see or hear; unconscionable numbers of messages in our E-mail, all demanding replies; intrusive requests for, or reports about, our opinions on issues or about other people’s opinions on issues we may have no opinion about whatsoever; phone calls at the dinner hour on the subject of platinum cards we don’t own and don’t want. And, of course, much more.

Yes, you can say these are just insignificant annoyances and I’m peevish, and the velocity of life and change has increased — that ideas like dollars must flow freely, that the more exchange we have with the unknown the less we fear it, and that life feels full — just the way we always hoped it would.

But in an ominous way, these interruptions represent a turf battle over who’s going to say what I have on my mind at any present moment — now, in other words. And this battle seems to contain moral consequence lasting far beyond the moment or the individual interruption. Indeed, at the heart of the contest is an axiological paradox whereby the higher valuation placed on my immediate attention by others — vendors, let’s call them — is accompanied by or perhaps even causes a lower valuation to be placed on it by me, who’s after all losing these moments and having to reconcile their loss. It’s as though I had nows to burn. Except I don’t.

Yet here is an example of a different kind, albeit toward the same point. Last winter in a course I taught on magazine writing, class discussion at one point leaked onto the topic of the President’s then putative liaison with Monica Lewinsky. (This was months before the grand jury divulgences.) Who, I asked the students, thought the President had engaged with Ms. Lewinsky in a sexual act? Many hands went promptly up. Who, I then asked, thought no sexual acts had occurred? The remainder of the hands rose. But who, I asked, held no opinion?

An uncomfortable moment passed. No hands stirred. No one had no opinion.

When, however, I pointed out that no one actually knew what the President had or hadn’t done, and that the issue was a matter of fact and that therefore their opinions were, strictly speaking, worthless, and then wondered aloud why it was even interesting to have such an opinion, most of the students said they felt it was their ”right,” indeed it was their need and obligation to hold an opinion, and that it was wishy-washy and weak-minded to say you didn’t know. Even if you really didn’t know.

I was shocked. It always surprises me when thinking humans speculate about hard, demonstrable facts; as if their own ignorance conferred a contagious uncertainty upon the truth. But later I came to think that for my journalism students and maybe for many of us, professing an opinion is not evidence of a deliberate choice bearing upon being right or wrong, nor a moral positioning that even much looks to the outcome of whatever’s at issue.

Rather it is merely a spasmodic way to intensify a passing moment — a now — by making an act one performs seem to matter when in fact it doesn’t. In this way it is ethically tantamount to — though much less potentially valuable than — buying a lottery ticket. And instead of intensifying a moment, such hasty, feckless opinion-spouting trivializes it. In this case, a now has not been stolen, but wasted and devalued.

It’s pretty to think that in the old days — those prior, better times we unfortunately couldn’t be around for — things got done better: that even though the present was just as fleeting, moments were treated with more care; that when our predecessors, in their less velocitous lives, took a position, it was more a judgment than an opinion; and when no judgment was reachable that they waited for clarity to arrive, as if it mattered to them and to the subject if they were right or wrong — as if facts had consequence.

Probably I’m wrong about that time. Though recently I noticed in the prelude to the House Judiciary Committee’s impeachment vote, those undecided members were widely referred to in the press as ”mavericks,” an old-fashioned term, which I guess currently means those rare people who buck convention by awaiting clarity, doing their own thinking, and who use the present moment to assure that their judgment about the consequential future is as correct as possible. I can’t help thinking that it’s a perplexed age when for so many people it’s better to risk being wrong in the present than to wait for a chance to be right.

Goodness knows, this feeling of confusion about our nows is not just a result of time’s seeming to pass at greater speeds, although the particulars of that fast pace certainly do affect our ability to estimate how we’re getting along in life — bullying us on to whatever’s next, leaving our precious moments insufficiently seized and acknowledged, while making life feel hectic.

Everyone, after all, is gaudily making more money than we are. (Just look up at the TV monitor in the Northwest lounge.) Our new PC is already bested by another one just six months after we bought it (contributing to bad dreams of lost productivity). Charles Schwab’s getting three hundred thousand calls a day. Internet traffic’s doubling every one hundred days. Our amiable curiosity to know how our fellow Americans are thinking about this or that subject is being seduced by organized, high-priced media ”carpet-bombing” designed to stifle, not foster, the free flow of ideas. And already someplace, somebody has almost certainly cloned a human being by using technology that didn’t exist when we bought our new PC.

This feeling of swarming time naturally pushes us toward a keener awareness of death (usually not that pleasurable), at the same time that it causes us to feel left behind, back in the wake of greater opportunity and expectation. A sturdier sense of the moment as being something besides limbo could help us. Proust wrote that the rich taste of a madeleine made death seem to have no meaning for him. A magic cookie. That would be good.

Of course, I’d be happy to think that reading a novel or a short story or even a poem could help in this cause — a novel I wrote, or one that Proust did; that a story could pacify that sense of the ”indigenous American berserk” Philip Roth wrote about in his novel ”American Pastoral,” and by writing about it sought to calm it.

Novels and stories can also give double service to one’s sense of the now. They often imagine a persuasive fictive present within the book, a present upon which most all the action impends and where meaning and clarity can become apparent. And, while this is happening, they slow the reader’s pace and make him self-conscious so that his now is made vivid and of worth. In addition, novels are often all about these very important issues I’m arguing we’ve lost our good grip on; measuring cause and effect from a recognizable place in time; calculating the results of history; noticing how events of the moment can prefigure events still to come; recognizing our very selves and appraising how we are.

Frankly, I doubt if it’ll happen. I doubt people are going to read more novels, particularly the kind I just mentioned. This swarming sense of urgency, anxiety and possibility pose too great a force. Intelligence just means information now. And, anyway, there isn’t time. In 50 years, I’d be surprised if many people are even writing novels, or publishing them inside of covers. My best hope is that whoever’s in charge then has figured out something better than what we have today. Nobody wants to be on record as resisting progress. Right?

A palpable fear, though, underlying our anxiety about over-prizing and undervaluing our present is that in this high-velocity atmosphere we’ll suffer vital qualities of our character to become obsolete: our capacity to deliberate, to be patient, to forgive, to remain, to observe, to empathize, to gauge cause and effect, to ignore death in respect for life; in sum, to recognize good in all its complicated, unexpected forms. We fear we’ll have no use for these qualities in a world where fully functioning citizenship seems chiefly to require access to the Internet.

People who know a lot about technology would like to console us with their faith that it’s neutral, that tools won’t change human nature. But how do they know? And what if they’re wrong? Or right? What is human nature, anyway, and why do we think it’s so well settled in us that we can’t louse it up by taking it for granted? Can you clone it, too? Are you sure?

Put simply, the pace of life feels morally dangerous to me. And what I wish for is not to stop or even to slow it, but to be able to experience my lived days as valuable days. We all just want to keep our heads above the waves, find someplace to stand. If anything, that’s our human nature.

Me, I’ll admit it. I don’t have E-mail. I’m not on the Internet. I don’t have a cell phone or call waiting or even a beeper. And I’m not proud of it, since my fear, I guess, is that if someone wants to find me using all or any of these means, but can’t find me, whoever’s looking will just conclude that for technical reasons I don’t exist anymore.

Early Spring

Spring came last week to Upper Ojai, with Santa Ana winds and a wildfire in not-far-off Orange County. It’s early this year; in fact, when I talked to our local fire station, they couldn’t ever recall a Santa Ana wind in February…which in theory, of course, is winter.

Every year since l991 I have walked to the top of our local ridge (the Topa Topas, at 6600 feet) to see snow in the winter. Some years we’ve had substantial snows; a couple of times, I couldn’t even make it to the top. But last year we had just the barest dusting of snow on the ridge, and so far this year, nothing.

But it’s beautiful. I only regret that I didn’t get the camera out in time to get the apple blossoms at their first emergence. Their loveliness works on me. I find myself yearning–seriously–for thirty-seven hours in a day. I simply can’t keep up with my life, far less my garden.

It’s strange to whine about not having time to garden–or whatever–while keeping up a blog, isn’t it?

Yet I feel in my gut that in fact the blog is the only way to keep up. I can’t take the monkish route and turn away from the world; or the libertine route and devote myself to my pleasures, or the wage slave route, and devote myself to my day job; or the literary world, and devote myself to my book.

At times I can do all these things, but the old line–the world is too much with us–sounds to me not  as a warning, but as an imperative. We cannot take this world for granted; to record some measure of its passing, day by day, word by word, feels necessary.

It’s as if we have increased the pace of life both internally (on what used to be called Internet time) and externally (as the seasons accelerate towards summer…at least in Southern California).

My daughter Emily tells me she can’t wait to get away from here (but then, she’s fifteen). But I too feel a yearning for something else. For time, I guess.

Appleblossom

The Sportsman Hunts in Jest, but the Creature Dies in Earnest

Speaking of hunting…the remarkably unpredictable Andrew Sullivan links to a first-rate 2004 op-ed piece by Matthew Scully, author of the excoriating "Dominion," on the brutality required of our politicians:

Groveling in word is no longer enough, however, to convince sport hunters you’re one of them. And so we now have the dreary ritual in which candidates have to go out and kill something, with cameras present to record the moment. Senator Kerry got the job done in Iowa last fall, summoning the regional media to come along and watch him dispatch a couple of pheasants. Two shots, two birds, five minutes, and it was over, leaving us all so very impressed.

President Bush took care of matters on a New Year’s Day outing with his father in Falfurrias, Texas, shooting five quail. An alert press corps would have noted that this expedition occurred shortly after 19 lobbyists for the hunting industry came supplicating at the White House for a gesture of support.

I don’t recall Mr. Bush having hunted before then as president, or having hunted since. Left to himself, without the pleadings of political advisers or hunting groups in need of affirmation, the president seems to prefer more innocent recreations like riding bikes, clearing brush or playing with the dog. I have a suspicion he is actually a bit like President Kennedy in this respect, who had to be dragged along for a deer hunt at the LBJ ranch, and didn’t care much for the experience.

Cheney’s Latest Screw-Up

Dick "Last Throes" Cheney, who is already believed to be a liar by most of the American public, on Saturday managed to shoot a fellow hunter in his party while out on a quail slaughter. Lots of good commentary on this on the web, but here’s the best reaction I’ve seen to date, off the US Newswire:

"Now I understand why Dick Cheney keeps asking me to go hunting with him," said Jim Brady [former press secretary to President Reagan]. "I had a friend once who accidentally shot pellets into his dog – and I thought he was an idiot."

Also very interesting is this 2003 statement from the Humane Society, objecting vociferously to the "deplorable" style of hunting "in which birds are pen-reared and released to be shot in large numbers by patrons. The ethics of these hunts are called into question by rank-and-file sportsmen, who hunt animals in their native habitat and do not shoot confined or pen-raised animals that cannot escape."

"This wasn’t a hunting ground. It was an open-air abattoir, and the vice president should be ashamed to have patronized this operation and then slaughtered so many animals," states Wayne Pacelle, a senior vice president of The Humane Society of the United States. "If the Vice President and his friends wanted to sharpen their shooting skills, they could have shot skeet or clay, not resorted to the slaughter of more than 400 creatures planted right in front of them as animated targets."

Pacelle was speaking of a hunting trip in which Cheney and nine close shooting buddies massacred 417 birds. No word on how many quail died in the festivities on Saturday.

Do Big Problems Require Big Regulations?

A great piece in this week’s New Yorker by Malcolm Gladwell looks at how to effectively solve problems when–it turns out–the real issue is not a large group of small offenders, but a small group of gross offenders.

The issue at the heart of the story is homelessness. It turns out that cities in this country that set out to solve the problem are far better off spending a lot of time and money on the chronic cases, rather than a small amount of time and money on all cases. It’s what statisticians call a "Power-Law" distribution. In homelessness, for example, it turns out that large numbers of people do go homeless, but mostly only for a night, or at most two, and never again.

According to one study, over a quarter-million people in Manhattan were homeless at some point in the l990’s…but only about 2500 were chronically homeless.

What does this have to do with the environment? A lot. Gladwell explains the "power-law" conundrum of policing car emissions:

A few miles northwest of the old Y.M.C.A. in downtown Denver, on the Speer Boulevard off-ramp from I-25, there is a big electronic sign by the side of the road, connected to a device that remotely measures the emissions of the vehicles driving past. When a car with properly functioning pollution-control equipment passes, the sign flashes “Good.” When a car passes that is well over the acceptable limits, the sign flashes “Poor.” If you stand at the Speer Boulevard exit and watch the sign for any length of time, you’ll find that virtually every car scores “Good.” An Audi A4 —“Good.” A Buick Century—“Good.” A Toyota Corolla—“Good.” A Ford Taurus—“Good.” A Saab 9-5—“Good,” and on and on, until after twenty minutes or so, some beat-up old Ford Escort or tricked-out Porsche drives by and the sign flashes “Poor.”

The picture of the smog problem you get from watching the Speer Boulevard sign and the picture of the homelessness problem you get from listening in on the morning staff meetings at the Y.M.C.A. are pretty much the same. Auto emissions follow a power-law distribution, and the air-pollution example offers another look at why we struggle so much with problems centered on a few hard cases.

Most cars, especially new ones, are extraordinarily clean. A 2004 Subaru in good working order has an exhaust stream that’s just .06 per cent carbon monoxide, which is negligible. But on almost any highway, for whatever reason—age, ill repair, deliberate tampering by the owner—a small number of cars can have carbon-monoxide levels in excess of ten per cent, which is almost two hundred times higher. In Denver, five per cent of the vehicles on the road produce fifty-five per cent of the automobile pollution.

“Let’s say a car is fifteen years old,” Donald Stedman says. Stedman is a chemist and automobile-emissions specialist at the University of Denver. His laboratory put up the sign on Speer Avenue. “Obviously, the older a car is the more likely it is to become broken. It’s the same as human beings. And by broken we mean any number of mechanical malfunctions—the computer’s not working anymore, fuel injection is stuck open, the catalyst died. It’s not unusual that these failure modes result in high emissions. We have at least one car in our database which was emitting seventy grams of hydrocarbon per mile, which means that you could almost drive a Honda Civic on the exhaust fumes from that car. It’s not just old cars. It’s new cars with high mileage, like taxis. One of the most successful and least publicized control measures was done by a district attorney in L.A. back in the nineties. He went to LAX and discovered that all of the Bell Cabs were gross emitters. One of those cabs emitted more than its own weight of pollution every year.”

In Stedman’s view, the current system of smog checks makes little sense. A million motorists in Denver have to go to an emissions center every year—take time from work, wait in line, pay fifteen or twenty-five dollars—for a test that more than ninety per cent of them don’t need. “Not everybody gets tested for breast cancer,” Stedman says. “Not everybody takes an AIDS test.” On-site smog checks, furthermore, do a pretty bad job of finding and fixing the few outliers. Car enthusiasts—with high-powered, high-polluting sports cars—have been known to drop a clean engine into their car on the day they get it tested. Others register their car in a faraway town without emissions testing or arrive at the test site “hot”—having just come off hard driving on the freeway—which is a good way to make a dirty engine appear to be clean. Still others randomly pass the test when they shouldn’t, because dirty engines are highly variable and sometimes burn cleanly for short durations. There is little evidence, Stedman says, that the city’s regime of inspections makes any difference in air quality.

He proposes mobile testing instead. Twenty years ago, he invented a device the size of a suitcase that uses infrared light to instantly measure and then analyze the emissions of cars as they drive by on the highway. The Speer Avenue sign is attached to one of Stedman’s devices. He says that cities should put half a dozen or so of his devices in vans, park them on freeway off-ramps around the city, and have a police car poised to pull over anyone who fails the test. A half-dozen vans could test thirty thousand cars a day. For the same twenty-five million dollars that Denver’s motorists now spend on on-site testing, Stedman estimates, the city could identify and fix twenty-five thousand truly dirty vehicles every year, and within a few years cut automobile emissions in the Denver metropolitan area by somewhere between thirty-five and forty per cent. The city could stop managing its smog problem and start ending it.

Why don’t we all adopt the Stedman method? There’s no moral impediment here. We’re used to the police pulling people over for having a blown headlight or a broken side mirror, and it wouldn’t be difficult to have them add pollution-control devices to their list. Yet it does run counter to an instinctive social preference for thinking of pollution as a problem to which we all contribute equally. We have developed institutions that move reassuringly quickly and forcefully on collective problems. Congress passes a law. The Environmental Protection Agency promulgates a regulation. The auto industry makes its cars a little cleaner, and—presto—the air gets better. But Stedman doesn’t much care about what happens in Washington and Detroit. The challenge of controlling air pollution isn’t so much about the laws as it is about compliance with them. It’s a policing problem, rather than a policy problem, and there is something ultimately unsatisfying about his proposed solution. He wants to end air pollution in Denver with a half-dozen vans outfitted with a contraption about the size of a suitcase. Can such a big problem have such a small-bore solution?

If It’s Saturday, the LATimes Must Be Kicking Butt

Don’t know why it is, but in the last couple of months the LATimes (reg. required) has been shockingly good on Saturdays. Maybe it’s just a quirk, or maybe this is where they park the enviro/science stories.

Who knows, but here are four examples from today, with a crucial line from each:

*    A story by Stephanie Simon on an evangelist who makes big bucks ($120,000 a year) lecturing masses of little kids to trust God, not scientists, and the Garden of Eden, not evolution.

"He has produced dozens of books and videos for all ages, including a top-selling alphabet rhyme that begins: "A is for Adam, God made him from dust / He wasn’t a monkey, he looked just like us.""

*    A story by Janet Wilson on the plans by the Bush administration to raise a billion dollars by selling off public lands, supposedly for the benefit of rural schools, which (if approved by Congress) will be the largest land sale in the history of the Forest Service.

"The administration found billions to fund subsidies for energy company boondoggles, so I have trouble believing they couldn’t find the money in this budget environment to maintain support for rural Oregon counties," Senator Ron Wyden (D-Oregon) said in a statement.

*    An op-ed by Brian Payton, author of a forthcoming book on the vanishing of the polar bears ("Shadows of the Bear: Travels in Vanishing Wilderness").

Watching those bears outside my window, I couldn’t help but wonder: How will their end come? Will a few stragglers lie down on the shore of Hudson Bay, waiting for the ice that never forms? Or will they head for the nearby town of Churchill, in Manitoba province, and make their last stand at the dump?

*    And from the business section, some actual good news for the environment in a story by Elizabeth Douglass about British Petroleum and Edison International’s plan to build a huge electric power plant in Carson (southwest L.A.) that will burn a oil refinery byproduct, petroleum coke, and sequester the emissions.

Alan Lloyd, secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency, told the gathering that the plant would be so nonpolluting that "the only emissions are water vapor."

Enviros vs. Nimbyites

People often confuse environmentalists, who–crazily–care for the whole envelope of life that supports us on this planet, with Not In My Backyarders, or NIMBYites, who are very concerned with what is happening in their neighborhood, but often show little interest or involvement in the big planetary picture. 

The only way to show the essential idealism of the larger movement, I think, is for environmentalists to speak out for the big picture, even if it comes into conflict with the NIMBYite agenda.

The Friends of the Santa Clara River are doing just that regarding plans by Ventura County to build a sludge treatment plant at Toland Road, just a few miles up the hill from the river.

The County needs to act, because far-away Kern County no longer wants the sludge the western part of the county generates from water treatment plants.

The easy approach for Executive Director Ron Bottorff would be to oppose all such plans, but instead he has taken the high road, and pointed to the larger issue.

"Every community should take care of its own waste, and we should also," Bottorff told the Ventura County Star.

The Sierra Club representative of the Los Padres chapter, Alan Sanders, wants assurances that the process will not imperil local farming or the water supply, which indeed are necessary and (I am told) part of the state law that governs biosolid processing.

Nonetheless, without knowing every single fact on this issue, this enviro recklessly commends Bottorff and his group for not blindly drawing a line in the sand against any and all local waste recycling. It’s part of the process of being accountable for the decisions we participate in regarding the government of our communities; and, as George Orwell said, the willingness to pay the price of shared participation is what distinguishes responsible leaders from ideological demagogues. 

BLM: We Didn’t Mean It! Honest!

A day after a Oregon congressman called for an investigation into the Bureau of Land Management’s decision to cut off funding to Oregan State University researchers who dared publish a study that contradicted the Bush administration’s forest policy…the BLM changed its mind and restored the funding.

Gee, I wonder why.

In the Oregon State Daily Barometer, spokesperson Luanne Lawrence fielded several media calls on the subject Wednesday. She said an OSU news release on the subject went as far as Washington D.C.

“I’ve done interviews with the L.A. Times, with NPR … The Associated Press …” she said. “It’s been pretty much all over the country.”

Lawrence said that isn’t a bad thing for OSU and does not put the university in a negative spotlight.

"It’s not as if they were calling into question the integrity of the research. Now the BLM is answering some questions as to why this all occurred.”

"The key to effective censorship is to make sure no one’s looking, and this time everyone was watching," said Andy Stahl, director of the Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics, an environmental group in Eugene.

(HT: New West)

Bush Adminstration Lashes Out at Irksome Scientists…Again

From today’s Oregonian, yet another story about the Bush adminstration trying to stifle scientists who dare to express views inconvenient to the administration’s anti-environmental agenda:

The federal government has abruptly suspended funding for Oregon State University research that concluded federally sponsored logging after the 2002 Biscuit fire in southwest Oregon set back the recovery of forests.

The action came after a team of scientists from OSU and the U.S. Forest Service published their results last month in Science, the nation’s leading scientific journal.

[cut to]

Administrators at OSU and scientists elsewhere said they could not recall another instance of the federal government suspending funding for research after controversial results emerge.

"It’s totally without precedent as far as I can recollect," said Jerry Franklin, a professor at the University of Washington who has studied Northwest forests for decades. "It says, ‘If we don’t like what you’re saying, we’ll cut off your money.’ "

The Bureau of Land Management gave the university a week to respond and hinted that funding might be restored if "corrective action" was taken.